#pattern program using for loop in java

[mr-abhishek-kumar]

Morning python study log 03-11-2023

So these days I have started to stream my code study.

So today morning I learnt:

How to take absolute value. Found some anomaly in the system lol. Basically it was not taking abs() but fabs() however my python was the latest version

I studied how to sort three numbers in python, although I have done this in other language since the syntax of python is still foreign to me I had difficulty sorting them in ascending order and also descending order using the built in function sorted() and also making my own implementation

I understood what is range function and how to use it with for loops, had a bit of hit and miss while understanding how it really worked but google's bard helped, I also learnt about reverse sorting

I learnt what is interning while trying to understand the difference between identity operators and equality operators. Found some anomaly in my system again, that my computer's range of interning is much larger than what is documented ?

I learnt what is keyword argument when with using reverse built in sort, yeah so I was amazed that the order of arguments didn't mattered for keyword argument.

I was also confusing syntax of python with javascript since that is what is what recently code in.

Learnt about what does len() function does, like properly rather than just guessing about what it does.

understood about control statements such as if, else and elif

learnt about break and continue in loops in python which is same as java script.

learnt about how to check the divisibility of a number. I didn't knew that it was separate topic in my syllabus I just thought it was something people would knew.

Learnt the basics about on how to make a READ , EVAL PRINT LOOP, REPL

Learnt about stupid pattern program in python, I don't know why the heck they still teach these things and put it in syllabus. There is no real world use of it as far as I can see. I still have to post the notes about it in my blogs and store it my cloud drive.

Learnt how to do a summation of series, using and not using numpy.

figured out how to do a factorial of a number

was trying to make an short algorithm on how to do the fibonacci series but well, I was so sleepy that my mind didn't worked as it should, I took the hint from bard then felt bad that I was directly looking at the solution when rather I should sleep and approach the problem from afresh in next study stream. So stopped my study stream.

[mercyjuliet1512]

Navigating the Depths of Selenium Testing: A Comprehensive Manual for Test Automation Aficionados

Welcome to the world of Selenium testing, where automation reigns supreme and web applications undergo meticulous scrutiny. As a cornerstone of modern test automation, Selenium empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, expedite testing cycles, and fortify the reliability of web applications. In this extensive manual, we will delve deep into the intricacies of Selenium testing, exploring its essential components, fundamental concepts, best practices, and the profound impact it wields on software testing.

Understanding the Essence of Selenium: Selenium stands tall as an open-source test automation framework revered for its adaptability and robustness in automating web applications. At its core, Selenium furnishes testers with a suite of tools and libraries, enabling them to interact seamlessly with web elements, replicate user actions, and validate application behavior. With support for an array of programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, and more, Selenium caters to a diverse community of developers and testers, cementing its status as a preferred choice in the realm of software testing.

Critical Components of Selenium: To harness the full potential of Selenium, one must acquaint themselves with its pivotal components:

Selenium IDE: Serving as a user-friendly tool, Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) facilitates the recording, editing, and debugging of test scripts. Available as a browser plugin for Chrome and Firefox, Selenium IDE expedites the process of script generation and rapid prototyping, making it an indispensable asset for both novices and seasoned testers.

Selenium WebDriver: The backbone of Selenium, WebDriver furnishes testers with a potent programming interface for crafting and executing automated tests. With WebDriver, testers can interact directly with web elements using a plethora of commands such as click, type, find element, etc. Its compatibility with various browsers including Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, enables seamless cross-browser testing, enhancing the robustness and reliability of test scripts.

Selenium Grid: Selenium Grid facilitates parallel test execution across multiple browsers and platforms, bolstering test efficiency and scalability. By distributing test scripts across disparate machines, Selenium Grid mitigates test execution time, expedites the feedback loop, and enables teams to deliver high-quality software expeditiously.

Foundational Concepts of Selenium Testing: Embarking on the journey of Selenium testing necessitates a firm grasp of foundational concepts:

Locators: Locators serve as the bedrock for identifying web elements on a web page. Selenium offers a gamut of locator strategies including ID, class name, name, tag name, link text, and XPath. Choosing the appropriate locator strategy is imperative for crafting robust and maintainable test scripts.

WebDriver Commands: WebDriver proffers a rich repertoire of commands for interacting with web elements, navigating pages, managing browser windows, and handling alerts. Acquainting oneself with these commands and their nuances is pivotal for crafting test scripts that are effective and efficient.

Test Framework Integration: Selenium is often integrated with popular test frameworks such as JUnit, TestNG, or NUnit to orchestrate test cases, manage test data, and generate comprehensive test reports. Integrating Selenium with these frameworks streamlines test automation efforts, fosters collaboration among team members, and amplifies the efficacy of test automation initiatives.

Best Practices for Selenium Testing: To optimize the efficacy of Selenium testing, adhering to best practices is indispensable:

Maintainable Test Scripts: Authoring clear, concise, and maintainable test scripts is paramount for ensuring test script longevity and efficacy. Leveraging coding standards and design patterns, and adopting the Page Object Model (POM) aids in enhancing script readability and maintainability.

Test Data Management: Segregating test data from test scripts facilitates data-driven testing and enhances test script scalability and reusability. Harnessing external data sources such as Excel sheets, CSV files, or databases for managing test data fosters agility and resilience across test suites.

Error Handling: Implementing robust error handling mechanisms is imperative for handling unforeseen scenarios gracefully. Employing try-catch blocks and assertions to validate expected outcomes and handle exceptions effectively ensures the reliability and resilience of test scripts.

Conclusion: In conclusion, mastering Selenium testing is a transformative endeavor that equips test automation aficionados with the tools and techniques to navigate the intricacies of software testing with finesse and precision. By comprehending its essential components, foundational concepts, and best practices, testers can harness the full potential of Selenium to streamline testing processes, enhance test coverage, and deliver software products of unparalleled quality. Whether you're a neophyte or a seasoned professional, embarking on the journey of Selenium testing promises to be an enriching and rewarding experience, unlocking boundless opportunities for innovation and growth in the ever-evolving landscape of software development. So, dive into the depths of Selenium testing today and embark on a journey that promises to revolutionize the way you approach software testing forever.

[react-js-state-1]

Why Java Is Still the King in 2025—and How Cyberinfomines Makes You Job-Ready with It

1. Java in 2025: Still Relevant, Still Dominating Despite the rise of new languages like Python, Go, and Rust, Java is far from dead—it’s actually thriving.

In 2025, Java powers:

40%+ of enterprise backend systems

90% of Android apps

Global banking & fintech infrastructures

E-commerce giants like Amazon, Flipkart & Alibaba

Microservices and cloud-native platforms using Spring Boot

Java is reliable, scalable, and highly in demand. But just learning syntax won’t get you hired. You need hands-on experience, framework expertise, and the ability to solve real-world problems.

That’s exactly what Cyberinfomines delivers.

2. The Problem: Why Most Java Learners Don’t Get Jobs Many students learn Java but still fail to land jobs. Why?

❌ They focus only on theory ❌ They memorize code, don’t build projects ❌ No real understanding of frameworks like Spring Boot ❌ Can’t explain their code in interviews ❌ Lack of problem-solving or debugging skills

That’s where Cyberinfomines’ Training changes the game—we teach Java like it’s used in real companies.

3. How Cyberinfomines Bridges the Gap At Cyberinfomines, we:

✅ Teach Core + Advanced Java with daily coding tasks ✅ Use real-world problem statements (not academic ones) ✅ Give exposure to tools like IntelliJ, Git, Maven ✅ Build full-stack projects using Spring Boot + MySQL ✅ Run mock interviews and HR prep ✅ Help you create a Java portfolio for recruiters

And yes—placement support is part of the package.

4. Java Course Curriculum: Built for the Real World Core Java

Data types, loops, arrays, OOP principles

Exception handling, packages, constructors

File handling & multithreading

Classes vs Interfaces

String manipulation & memory management

Advanced Java

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)

Servlet Lifecycle

JSP (Java Server Pages)

HTTP Requests & Responses

MVC Design Pattern

Spring Framework + Spring Boot

Dependency Injection & Beans

Spring Data JPA

RESTful API Creation

Security & authentication

Connecting with front-end apps (React/Angular)

Tools Covered

IntelliJ IDEA

Eclipse

Postman

Git & GitHub

MySQL & Hibernate

Live Projects

Library Management System

Employee Leave Tracker

E-Commerce REST API

Blog App with full CRUD

Interview Preparation

DSA using Java

Java-based coding problems

100+ mock interview questions

HR round preparation

Resume writing workshops

5. Who Should Learn Java in 2025? You should choose Java if you are:

 A fresher who wants a strong foundation

 A non-tech graduate looking to switch to IT

 A teacher/trainer who wants to upskill

 A professional aiming for backend roles

 Someone interested in Android development

A student looking to crack placement drives or government IT jobs

6. Real Success Stories from Our Java Learners

Amit (BSc Graduate) – Now working as a Java backend developer at an IT firm in Pune. Built his confidence with live projects and mock tests.

Pooja (Mechanical Engineer) – Switched from core to IT after completing Cyberinfomines’ Java program. Cracked TCS with flying colors.

Rahul (Dropout) – Didn’t finish college but now works remotely as a freelance Spring Boot developer for a US-based startup.

Every story started with zero coding experience. They ended with real jobs.

7. Top Java Careers in 2025 & Salary Trends In-demand roles include:

Java Backend Developer

Full Stack Developer (Java + React)

Android Developer (Java)

Spring Boot Microservices Architect

QA Automation with Java + Selenium

API Developer (Spring + REST)

Starting salary: ₹4.5 – ₹8 LPA (for freshers with strong skills) Mid-level: ₹10 – ₹20 LPA Freelancers: ₹1,000 – ₹2,500/hour

Java is stable, scalable, and pays well.

8. Certifications, Tools & Practical Add-Ons After training, you’ll earn:

Cyberinfomines Java Developer Certificate

Portfolio with at least 3 GitHub-hosted projects

Proficiency in IntelliJ, Maven, Git, MySQL

Resume aligned with Java job descriptions

Interview recordings and performance feedback

9. What Makes Cyberinfomines Java Training Different

✔ Human mentorship, not just videos ✔ Doubt sessions + code reviews ✔ Classes in Hindi & English ✔ Live assignments + evaluation ✔ Placement-oriented approach ✔ No-nonsense teaching. Only what’s needed for jobs.

We focus on you becoming employable, not just completing a course.

10. Final Words: Code Your Future with Confidence Java in 2025 isn’t just relevant—it’s crucial.

And with Cyberinfomines, you don’t just learn Java.

You learn how to:

Solve real problems

Write clean, scalable code

Work like a developer

Get hired faster

Whether you’re starting fresh or switching paths, our Java course gives you the skills and confidence you need to build a future-proof career.

📞 Have questions? Want to get started?

Contact us today: 📧 vidhya.chandel@cyberinfomines.com 📞 +91-8587000904-905, 9643424141 🌐 Visit: www.cyberinfomines.com

[korshubudemycoursesblog]

Unlock the Power of Code: 2025 Rust Programming for Beginners

In 2025, the world of programming continues to evolve rapidly—and if you're searching for a powerful, fast, and reliable language that’s growing in popularity, Rust should be on your radar. Whether you're just starting out or transitioning from another language, Rust Programming for Beginners is the perfect place to begin your journey into systems-level programming, the safe way.

Rust isn’t just another programming language—it’s a revolution. Built with safety, concurrency, and performance at its core, Rust is used by developers at Google, Microsoft, Dropbox, Amazon, and many top-tier companies. If you want a future-proof skill that employers are actively hiring for, learning Rust in 2025 is a smart move.

Why Rust? What Makes It So Special?

Rust was designed to solve real-world programming problems that other languages struggle with. It combines the speed and control of C and C++ with memory safety—without the need for a garbage collector. This makes it ideal for system-level development, embedded systems, and even web development using tools like WebAssembly.

Here’s why Rust is getting the spotlight in 2025:

Memory Safety Without Garbage Collection: Rust’s ownership model ensures that you don’t deal with memory leaks or dangling pointers.

Blazing Fast Performance: Rust code is compiled directly to machine code and optimized for speed.

Concurrency Made Safe: Rust’s approach to multithreading ensures thread safety without sacrificing performance.

Backed by Industry Leaders: Companies like Mozilla, Meta, and AWS use Rust in production.

Growing Community & Ecosystem: Rust’s tooling (Cargo, Clippy, Rustfmt) is modern and developer-friendly.

Who Should Learn Rust in 2025?

If you're wondering whether Rust is right for you, the answer is yes—especially if:

You're a complete beginner with an interest in programming.

You’re a software developer wanting to explore systems programming.

You come from Python, JavaScript, or Java and want a high-performance language.

You’re interested in game development, embedded systems, or WebAssembly.

You want to level up your coding interview game with low-level problem-solving.

No matter your background, you can learn Rust from scratch with the right guidance. That’s where this top-rated beginner course comes in.

Introducing the Best Course: Rust Programming for Beginners

If you're serious about mastering Rust, don’t waste hours jumping from blog to blog or piecing together fragmented tutorials. The Rust Programming for Beginners course offers structured, beginner-friendly training that walks you through everything from basics to hands-on projects.

📌 Course Highlights:

Absolute Beginner-Friendly: No prior programming experience needed.

Step-by-Step Lessons: From variables to control flow, functions to ownership.

Real Projects: Build actual applications to solidify your knowledge.

Lifetime Access: Learn at your own pace, and revisit whenever needed.

Quizzes and Practice Exercises: Test your knowledge as you go.

Certificate of Completion: Showcase your skills on your resume or LinkedIn.

Whether you’re just dabbling or fully committing to Rust, this course makes sure you're not just learning—but actually understanding.

What You'll Learn: From "Hello, World!" to Building Real Projects

This course truly covers everything you need to become productive with Rust. Here’s a quick peek at the modules:

1. Introduction to Rust

History of Rust

Setting up your environment

Understanding Cargo (Rust’s package manager)

2. Basic Programming Concepts

Variables and data types

Functions and control flow

Loops and conditionals

3. Ownership, Borrowing, and Lifetimes

The heart of Rust’s memory safety

Avoiding bugs at compile time

How Rust manages memory differently than other languages

4. Structs and Enums

Data structures in Rust

When to use structs vs. enums

Pattern matching with match

5. Collections and Error Handling

Vectors, HashMaps, and Strings

Option and Result types

Handling errors the Rust way

6. Working with Modules and Crates

Organizing your code

Using external libraries from crates.io

7. Project-Based Learning

Build your own command-line tools

Create a mini web scraper

Start a simple API with Rocket or Actix-web

What Makes This Course Different?

With hundreds of Rust tutorials online, why should you choose this course? Here’s the difference:

✅ Hands-On Approach – You won’t just watch videos; you’ll build real things. ✅ Beginner-Focused – Complex topics are explained simply, with clear visuals. ✅ Updated for 2025 – Content is fresh, aligned with the latest Rust updates. ✅ Trusted Platform – Hosted on Udemy, promoted by Korshub, and trusted by thousands.

Plus, the instructor is known for teaching with clarity, warmth, and energy—making learning Rust genuinely fun.

Real-World Applications of Rust

Wondering what you can actually do with Rust after completing this course?

Here are just a few career paths and domains where Rust is making waves:

🛠️ System-Level Development

Rust is excellent for writing OS-level code, drivers, and performance-critical tools.

🌐 Web Development with WebAssembly

Rust compiles to WebAssembly (WASM), letting you build blazing-fast web apps.

🎮 Game Development

Rust’s performance and safety features make it a great fit for modern game engines.

🔐 Cybersecurity Tools

Rust’s memory safety makes it ideal for building secure applications like firewalls or scanning tools.

🚀 Embedded Systems and IoT

Rust runs on small devices, allowing you to build firmware and IoT projects with confidence.

Testimonials from Learners Like You

“I was completely new to programming, and this course helped me grasp core concepts fast. Rust seemed intimidating until now!” – Ankit, Student

“After taking this course, I landed an internship where they use Rust in production. Couldn’t have done it without this course!” – Priya, Junior Developer

“The project sections made everything click. I finally feel confident with a low-level language like Rust.” – Kevin, Freelance Dev

What’s Next After You Complete the Course?

Learning Rust is a journey—and this course is your foundation. After completing Rust Programming for Beginners, you can:

Dive into intermediate topics like async programming and concurrency.

Contribute to open-source Rust projects on GitHub.

Build performance-critical applications from scratch.

Start freelancing or apply for Rust developer jobs.

And guess what? Rust developers are in high demand in 2025—with salaries averaging $100,000+ globally. So, this isn’t just a learning investment—it’s a career move.

Final Thoughts: Is Rust the Right Choice for You?

If you're looking for a language that combines power, performance, and safety, then Rust is the future. Whether you're planning to become a professional developer or you’re just a curious learner, starting with Rust in 2025 puts you ahead of the curve.

The best part? You don’t have to figure it all out alone.

The Rust Programming for Beginners course provides everything you need to build your skills step-by-step, gain confidence, and start building exciting projects from day one.

So, don’t wait. Learn Rust now and be future-ready.

[hiringjournal]

Why Hire a Clojure Developer? Key Benefits of Using Clojure for Your Next Project

For a web or enterprise application, Clojure may not be the first language that springs to mind. However, it's a strong option for projects that demand simplicity, scalability, and great performance. Hiring Clojure engineers is becoming increasingly popular as more tech businesses look for code that is concurrent, tidy, and maintainable.

Clojure, which is based on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), combines the flexibility and brevity of a contemporary Lisp with the strength and reliability of Java. Clojure might be just what you need if you are developing a new reactive application, data processing system, or backend. 

Modern Performance, Functional Reliability, and Simplicity in One Elegant Language

Clojure is a dynamic, functional language that prioritizes concurrency, simplicity, and immutability. Clojure, in contrast to conventional object-oriented languages, enables programmers to create reliable systems with less complexity and fewer side effects.

Hiring Clojure developers gives you access to a philosophy that prioritizes dependable logic, clear abstractions, and performance under pressure. Clojure's emphasis on pure functions and immutable data structures results in fewer errors and simpler testing.

Top Reasons to Use Clojure in Your Next Project

Immutable by default

Code that is immutable is more predictable. Writing functions that don't change state is encouraged by Clojure, which lowers problems and facilitates debugging and scaling applications.

Seamless Java interoperability

Clojure has complete access to Java libraries and operates on the JVM. This implies that you can write new logic in a more expressive language while utilizing pre-existing Java code.

Concurrency simplified

Concurrency was considered in the design of Clojure. Developers can construct concurrent code without the drawbacks of conventional multithreading by utilizing built-in features such as software transactional memory and agents.

REPL-Driven development

The REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop) is a tool used by Clojure developers for interactive code writing and testing. Faster feedback loops and more fruitful development sessions are the outcomes of this.

These characteristics are strategic advantages for software organizations that prioritize agility and long-term maintainability.

Finding and Hiring the Right Developer

Hiring Clojure developers with practical experience and a solid foundation in functional programming is crucial because Clojure is a more specialized language than other languages.

They ought to feel at ease collaborating with:

The environment of JVM

Patterns of function and recursion

Frameworks for websites such as Luminus

Data libraries such as ClojureScript (for frontend) or core.async

Be ready to hire remote talent because many highly qualified Clojure professionals prefer working remotely. This broadens your search to include engineers from around the globe who are used to working asynchronously and are frequently involved in open-source groups.

Use an IT Staffing Agency to Simplify the Search

It can be challenging to locate Clojure talent on conventional job boards. Reaching pre-screened developers with the necessary experience might be facilitated by collaborating with an IT staffing agency. 

In addition to streamlining the employment process, agencies guarantee that technical proficiency, communication requirements, and cultural fit are fulfilled. This can significantly shorten time-to-hire and boost long-term placement success rates for expanding IT organizations.

Final Thoughts

Clojure is a strategic choice for contemporary, scalable, and maintainable applications; it’s not only a specialized language. Hiring experienced Clojure developers will result in agile development, cleaner code, and long-term dependability.

Clojure provides a sophisticated and practical answer to challenging problems for tech companies willing to look outside the box.

[praveennareshit]

Introduction to Core Java: Everything You Need to Know

What is Core Java?

Core Java refers to the fundamental components of the Java programming language, providing the building blocks for developing robust applications. It encompasses essential features such as object-oriented programming, exception handling, multithreading, and data structures. These core concepts form the foundation for advanced Java technologies like Spring, Hibernate, and Microservices.

Why Learn Core Java?

Java remains one of the most in-demand programming languages, widely used in web development, mobile applications, cloud computing, and enterprise software. Mastering Core Java allows developers to create scalable, secure, and efficient applications, making it an essential skill in the tech industry.

Key Features of Core Java

1. Platform Independence

Java's Write Once, Run Anywhere (WORA) capability allows applications to run on any platform that supports Java without modification.

2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Core Java follows OOP principles, enabling developers to structure code efficiently using concepts like encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

3. Memory Management with JVM

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) manages memory allocation and garbage collection, ensuring efficient use of system resources.

4. Exception Handling

Java provides a structured way to handle runtime errors using try-catch blocks, preventing unexpected crashes.

5. Multithreading

Java enables concurrent execution of tasks, improving application performance and responsiveness.

6. Rich API & Libraries

Java offers a vast set of built-in libraries for data structures, networking, file handling, and database connectivity.

Core Java Concepts Every Developer Should Know

🔹 Java Syntax & Data Types

Understanding Java's syntax, primitive data types, and control statements is essential for writing efficient code.

🔹 Classes & Objects

Java is a class-based language. Learning how to create and manipulate objects is fundamental.

🔹 Inheritance & Polymorphism

These OOP principles help in code reusability and flexibility.

🔹 Collections Framework

Java provides powerful data structures like ArrayList, HashMap, and LinkedList for handling data efficiently.

🔹 File Handling

Reading and writing files using Java’s I/O Streams is crucial for developing real-world applications.

🔹 Java 8 Features

Features like Lambda Expressions, Streams API, and Functional Interfaces improve code efficiency and readability.

Applications of Core Java

📌 Desktop Applications – Java is used in GUI-based applications like Eclipse IDE and NetBeans. 📌 Web Development – Servlets and JSP enable Java to power dynamic web applications. 📌 Mobile Applications – Android apps are primarily developed using Java. 📌 Enterprise Solutions – Many large-scale systems, like banking applications, rely on Java for security and scalability.

How to Get Started with Core Java?

1️⃣ Install JDK (Java Development Kit) – Download and install the latest JDK from the official Oracle website. 2️⃣ Set Up an IDE – Use Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, or NetBeans for writing and testing Java code. 3️⃣ Practice Basic Programs – Start with simple programs like Hello World, loops, and functions. 4️⃣ Work on Small Projects – Build mini-projects like a calculator, to-do list, or file manager. 5️⃣ Explore Advanced Concepts – Learn about multithreading, JDBC, and design patterns to expand your skills.

Final Thoughts

Mastering Core Java opens doors to exciting career opportunities in software development. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced coder, a strong foundation in Java is invaluable for creating scalable and efficient applications. Start learning today, and take the first step toward becoming a Java expert! For More Detail: Core Java Training in KPHB Upcoming Batches: https://linktr.ee/NIT_Training

[herovired12]

Pattern programs in Java are exercises that involve printing various shapes and designs using loops and conditional statements. These programs help developers enhance their logical thinking and problem-solving skills. Common patterns include triangles, squares, and diamond shapes, often created through nested loops, showcasing the versatility of Java in graphical output. Check here to learn more.

[upskilltakeoff]

Lean Java Like A Pro In 5 Simple Steps

Want to lean Java like a pro in five simple steps? Then the first piece of advice is to remember that perfect basic understanding is essential. The student should have some basic knowledge about the variables, data types, loops and conditionals. These mere concepts will make you able to write simple programs and place a good foundation on which things will be built later on.

Step two is to become immersed into object-oriented programming (OOP). Java is object oriented language so class, objects, inheritance polymorphism and encapsulation are essential to understand. This approach emphasizes the reuse of code or the use of the modularity approach that is important when developing actual software.

Then, discover that Java comes with many API libraries and frameworks that you can utilize. Search for classes that are included into Java for data structures (e.g., list, map) and utilitis (file input/output, networking). Knowledge of specific frameworks, such as spring and Hibernate, will also help you to design easily scalable applications.

The fourth step is to write clean and efficient code on student’s own and edit it before proceeding to the next step. Proper formatting of code, readability of code and have realistic approach in handling errors. Follow up the design patterns and tune the algorithms up.

Last of all, practice on routine and carrying out development activities and coding sessions. Creating applications will consolidate your understanding and assist in dealing with real issues. Java is a vast field, and practice makes a man perfect; it comprises encountering lots of errors.

[subb01]

Key Concepts to Review Before Your Java Interview

Java interviews can be both challenging and rewarding, often acting as a gateway to exciting roles in software development. Whether you're applying for an entry-level position or an advanced role, being well-prepared with core concepts is essential. In this guide, we’ll cover key topics to review before your Java interview, ensuring you're confident and ready to impress. Additionally, don't forget to check out this detailed video guide to strengthen your preparation with visual explanations and code demonstrations.

1. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts

Java is known for its robust implementation of OOP principles. Before your interview, make sure to have a firm grasp on:

Classes and Objects: Understand how to create and use objects.

Inheritance: Review how subclasses inherit from superclasses, and when to use inheritance.

Polymorphism: Know the difference between compile-time (method overloading) and runtime polymorphism (method overriding).

Abstraction and Encapsulation: Be prepared to explain how and why they are used in Java.

Interview Tip: Be ready to provide examples of how you’ve used these concepts in your projects or coding exercises.

2. Core Java Concepts

In addition to OOP, there are foundational Java topics you need to master:

Data Types and Variables: Understand primitive types (int, double, char, etc.) and how they differ from non-primitive types.

Control Structures: Revise loops (for, while, do-while), conditional statements (if-else, switch-case), and how they control program flow.

Exception Handling: Know how try, catch, finally, and custom exceptions are used to manage errors in Java.

Collections Framework: Familiarize yourself with classes such as ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap, and their interfaces (List, Set, Map).

Interview Tip: Be prepared to discuss the time and space complexities of different collection types.

3. Java Memory Management

Understanding how Java manages memory can set you apart from other candidates:

Heap vs. Stack Memory: Explain the difference and how Java allocates memory.

Garbage Collection: Understand how it works and how to manage memory leaks.

Memory Leaks: Be prepared to discuss common scenarios where memory leaks may occur and how to avoid them.

Interview Tip: You may be asked how to optimize code for better memory management or to explain how Java’s finalize() method works.

4. Multithreading and Concurrency

With modern applications requiring multi-threading for efficient performance, expect questions on:

Threads and the Runnable Interface: Know how to create and run threads.

Thread Lifecycle: Be aware of thread states and what happens during transitions (e.g., from NEW to RUNNABLE).

Synchronization and Deadlocks: Understand how to use synchronized methods and blocks to manage concurrent access, and how deadlocks occur.

Concurrency Utilities: Review tools like ExecutorService, CountDownLatch, and Semaphore.

Interview Tip: Practice writing simple programs demonstrating thread synchronization and handling race conditions.

5. Java 8 Features and Beyond

Many companies expect candidates to be familiar with Java’s evolution, especially from Java 8 onward:

Lambda Expressions: Know how to write concise code with functional programming.

Streams API: Understand how to use streams for data manipulation and processing.

Optional Class: Learn to use Optional for handling null checks effectively.

Date and Time API: Review java.time package for managing date and time operations.

Interview Tip: Be prepared to solve coding problems using Java 8 features to show you’re up-to-date with recent enhancements.

6. Design Patterns

Java interviews often include questions on how to write clean, efficient, and scalable code:

Singleton Pattern: Know how to implement and when to use it.

Factory Pattern: Understand the basics of creating objects without specifying their exact class.

Observer Pattern: Be familiar with the publish-subscribe mechanism.

Decorator and Strategy Patterns: Understand their practical uses.

Interview Tip: Have examples ready that demonstrate how you’ve used these patterns in your projects.

7. Commonly Asked Coding Problems

Prepare by solving coding problems related to:

String Manipulations: Reverse a string, find duplicates, and check for anagrams.

Array Operations: Find the largest/smallest element, rotate arrays, or merge two sorted arrays.

Linked List Questions: Implement basic operations such as reversal, detecting cycles, and finding the middle element.

Sorting and Searching Algorithms: Review quicksort, mergesort, and binary search implementations.

Interview Tip: Practice on platforms like LeetCode or HackerRank to improve your problem-solving skills under time constraints.

Final Preparation Tips

Mock Interviews: Conduct practice interviews with peers or mentors.

Review Your Code: Ensure your past projects and code snippets are polished and ready to discuss.

Brush Up on Basics: Don’t forget to revise simple concepts, as interviews can include questions on any level of difficulty.

For more in-depth preparation, watch this helpful video that provides practical examples and coding tips to boost your confidence.

With these concepts in mind, you'll be well-equipped to handle any Java interview with poise. Good luck!

[nectoy7]

Induwara: Hey Daniel, how's it going? I’ve been diving deep into Java programming lately, and it's pretty interesting. Do you work with Java much? Daniel: Hey Induwara! I'm doing well, thanks for asking. Ah, Java, nice choice! Yeah, I've been working with Java for years, mostly for enterprise applications. It's one of those languages that's just so reliable, you know? Induwara: Absolutely, I can see why it's used so widely. I really like the whole "Write Once, Run Anywhere" concept. The portability is such a game-changer. Daniel: For sure, that's one of Java’s greatest strengths. The JVM really makes it easy to develop software that can run on multiple platforms without too much hassle. Are you working on any specific project with Java? Induwara: Yeah, actually! I’m building a small tool that processes user data and performs some analytics. I’m trying to use Java Streams for data manipulation, but it’s taking me some time to get used to lambda expressions. Daniel: Ah, I get it. Java 8 really changed the way we write code with those features. Streams and lambdas are super powerful once you get the hang of them. They make the code more concise and readable—though it can be a bit tricky at first if you’re used to the old for-loop style. Induwara: Exactly! At first, I was like, "Why would I need all this?" But then I started seeing how much cleaner my code was with lambdas, especially when chaining operations in Streams. Daniel: Yeah, they’re awesome for that. Just wait until you get used to the map() and filter() methods—it becomes so intuitive for data processing. What kind of data are you working with? Induwara: It’s mostly user interaction data, like clicks and time spent on pages. I’m using Streams to filter the data based on certain conditions and then collect some stats. Daniel: That’s a great use case for Streams. You can really cut down the boilerplate code that way. If you need to summarize data, make sure to check out the Collectors class, especially Collectors.groupingBy()—that one’s a lifesaver for grouping and summarizing data. Induwara: Oh, I haven't used groupingBy() yet, but it sounds like it would be helpful. I was actually wondering how to group the data in an efficient way. Thanks for the tip, Daniel! Daniel: Anytime! One thing to keep in mind is that, with Java, you can always balance functional and object-oriented approaches. Streams and lambdas are great, but there are times when the good old-fashioned classes and methods are still the way to go. Induwara: Totally, I think that’s one of the things I like most about Java—it gives you options. You can do things in a more functional way or stick to a traditional object-oriented approach. Daniel: Exactly. That's why it remains so relevant even after almost three decades. Plus, Java keeps evolving. Have you looked into the newer versions, like Java 17? Induwara: A bit, yeah. I read that they’ve introduced some cool features like records and pattern matching. Haven’t really tried them out yet, though. Daniel: Oh, records are great for reducing boilerplate when creating data classes. Java has been moving towards making the developer experience a lot more streamlined while keeping its core strengths. It’s definitely worth playing around with. Induwara: Sounds like I need to catch up on the newer features. Thanks for all the advice, Daniel! It really helps to talk this through with someone who knows the language inside and out. Daniel: Anytime, Induwara. I love talking about Java—it’s a classic! Let me know if you run into any issues, I’d be happy to help out. Happy coding! Induwara: Thanks, Daniel! Will do. Have a great day!

[technology-moment]

Programming Languages: Navigate Your Way to Coding Mastery

When it comes to mastering programming languages, the journey can feel overwhelming due to the vast array of options available. However, with the right approach, you can effectively navigate this landscape and build your coding skills. Here’s a guide to help you achieve coding mastery:

1. Choose Your First Language Wisely

Start with a beginner-friendly language like Python. Its simple syntax and versatility make it ideal for newcomers. You can explore various domains such as web development, data science, and automation with just one language.

2. Understand the Fundamentals

Regardless of the language you choose, grasping the fundamentals is crucial. Focus on concepts like variables, loops, conditionals, and data structures. These core principles will make learning additional languages easier down the line.

3. Practice Regularly

Coding is a skill best learned through practice. Dedicate time each day to solve problems on platforms like LeetCode or HackerRank. This not only reinforces your learning but also helps you become comfortable with coding challenges.

4. Work on Real Projects

Apply what you've learned by building real projects. Whether it’s a personal website, a simple game, or a data analysis project, hands-on experience is invaluable. It helps solidify your knowledge and boosts your portfolio.

5. Join a Community

Engage with other learners and experienced programmers through online forums, local meetups, or coding boot camps. Communities like Stack Overflow, GitHub, and Reddit can provide support, answer questions, and keep you motivated.

6. Stay Updated

The tech field evolves rapidly, so it’s important to stay informed about new languages and technologies. Follow blogs, podcasts, and YouTube channels dedicated to programming.

7. Explore Advanced Topics

Once you’re comfortable with the basics, delve into advanced concepts like algorithms, data structures, and design patterns. Understanding these topics will elevate your coding skills and prepare you for complex challenges.

8. Learn Additional Languages

After mastering your first language, branch out to others like JavaScript, Java, or C#. Each language has its strengths and can expand your versatility as a developer.

9. Contribute to Open Source

Participating in open-source projects is a great way to gain experience and collaborate with others. Platforms like GitHub host numerous projects looking for contributors, providing a perfect opportunity to learn and grow.

10. Keep a Growth Mindset

Lastly, remember that mastery takes time. Embrace challenges and view setbacks as opportunities to learn. Celebrate small victories along the way to stay motivated.

By following these steps, you can effectively navigate your way to coding mastery. Keep practicing, stay curious, and enjoy the journey!

#Programming #Coding #Python #LearnToCode #SoftwareDevelopment #WebDevelopment #TechCommunity #OpenSource #CodingProjects #GrowthMindset

[faizasarwar]

What is Programming? A comprehensive guide

Programming : Programming is the process of designing and building instructions that computers can execute to perform specific tasks or solve particular problems. It involves writing, testing, debugging, and maintaining sets of instructions, known as code, using a programming language. These instructions tell the computer what actions to take, how to perform them, and in what order.

Here’s a comprehensive guide to programming:

Understanding Programming Languages:

Programming languages are formal languages with a set of rules and syntax used to write computer programs.

There are numerous programming languages, each with its own syntax, semantics, and use cases.

Examples include Python, Java, JavaScript, C++, Ruby, and many more.

Basic Concepts:

Variables: Symbols that represent data stored in computer memory.

Data Types: Categories that classify data, such as integers, floating-point numbers, strings, and arrays.

Operators: Symbols used to perform operations on data, like addition, subtraction, comparison, etc.

Control Structures: Constructs for controlling the flow of execution in a program, such as loops and conditionals.

Writing Code:

Start with defining the problem you want to solve or the task you want to accomplish.

Break down the problem into smaller, more manageable steps.

Write code to implement each step, using appropriate data structures and algorithms.

Ensure that your code is clear, concise, and well-organized to make it easier to understand and maintain.

Testing and Debugging:

Testing involves running your program with various inputs to verify that it produces the expected outputs.

Debugging is the process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in your code.

Techniques include using debugging tools, print statements, and code review.

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC):

  SDLC is a framework  that outlines the stages involved in developing software, including planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

Each stage has its own set of activities and goals to ensure the successful development and delivery of software products.

Version Control:

Version control systems like Git help track changes to code, collaborate with others, and manage different versions of a project.

They enable developers to work on the same codebase simultaneously, merge changes, and revert to previous versions if needed.

Advanced Topics:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): A programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects” that encapsulate data and behavior.

Functional Programming: A programming paradigm focused on the evaluation of mathematical functions and immutable data.

Algorithms and Data Structures: Techniques for organizing and processing data efficiently, crucial for writing efficient code.

Design Patterns: Reusable solutions to common problems encountered in software design.

Web Development: Building web applications using technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React, Angular, or Vue.js.

Continuous Learning:

Programming is a rapidly evolving field, so continuous learning is essential to stay updated with new languages, tools, and best practices.

Resources for learning include online tutorials, books, courses, coding bootcamps, and participating in coding communities and forums.

Ethical Considerations:

As a programmer, it’s important to consider the ethical implications of the software you develop.

Respect user privacy, security, and accessibility.

Avoid biases in algorithms and ensure fairness and transparency in your code.

Building Projects:

Practice is key to mastering programming. Start with small projects and gradually tackle more complex ones.

Building projects allows you to apply what you’ve learned, experiment with different technologies, and showcase your skills to potential employers or collaborators.

Programming is a valuable skill with diverse applications across various industries, from software dev

[datavalleyai]

Full Stack Developer Interview Questions

Are you preparing for a Full Stack Developer interview? Whether you’re experienced or new to full-stack development, acing the interview is essential to land your dream job. To help you prepare with confidence, we’ve compiled a comprehensive list of Full Stack Developer interview questions covering various topics and concepts you may encounter during the interview.

Explain Pair Programming.

Explain Long Polling.

Explain the meaning of multithreading.

What do you mean by CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)?

Explain the benefits and drawbacks of using “use strict”.

What is Callback Hell?

Explain the event loop in Node.js.

To develop a project from scratch, what technologies and languages would you need or what skills a full stack developer should have?

Explain dependency injection.

What do you mean by the observer pattern?

Can you tell me what are the latest trends in Full Stack Development? Also, how do you keep yourself updated about the new trends in the industry?

What is CI (Continuous Integration)?

What are some of the uses of Docker?

State the difference between GraphQL and REST (Representational State Transfer).

Is there a way to decrease the load time of a web application?

What is Spring Framework, and how does it work?

What is REST API, and how does it work?

What is the difference between a servlet and JSP?

Explain the difference between JDBC and Hibernate.

How do you handle exceptions in Java?

1. Explain Pair Programming

Pair programming is a collaborative software development method where two programmers work together on one computer. The driver writes code, while the navigator reviews it. This approach finds errors early, boosts creativity, and enhances code quality.

2. Explain Long Polling

Long polling is a web development technique. In this technique, the client sends a request to the server, and the server keeps the request open until it has new data to send back or a timeout occurs. It’s used to achieve real-time updates in web apps without checking the server. It’s handy for chat apps and similar scenarios that need immediate data updates.

3. Explain the meaning of multithreading

Multithreading is a programming technique where one program runs several threads simultaneously. These threads work independently while sharing resources like memory. This makes the program faster and more responsive.

4. What do you mean by CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)?

CORS, or Cross-Origin Resource Sharing, is a security feature implemented in web browsers. It controls access to resources on a web page from different domains. It allows or restricts web pages to make requests for resources hosted on other domains. CORS helps prevent potential security issues related to cross-origin requests, ensuring safer interactions between web applications.

5. Explain the benefits and drawbacks of using “use strict”

Using ‘use strict’ in JavaScript enforces stricter coding rules and helps catch common errors, leading to better code quality and improved error handling. It can potentially make code execute faster. However, it might necessitate rewriting existing code to adhere to strict mode, which can be a drawback.

6. What is Callback Hell?

Callback Hell, also known as the Pyramid of Doom, refers to a situation in asynchronous programming where multiple nested callback functions create complex and hard-to-read code. It occurs when callbacks are used extensively, making the code difficult to manage. It can be mitigated using techniques like Promises or async/await.

7. Explain the event loop in Node.js

The event loop is a crucial part of Node.js’s architecture. It’s responsible for handling asynchronous operations. Node.js is single-threaded, but it can perform non-blocking I/O operations by using the event loop. It continuously checks the message queue for pending tasks, executes them, and handles callbacks, making Node.js highly efficient for handling concurrent requests.

8. To develop a project from scratch, what technologies and languages would you need or what skills a full stack developer should have

A full stack developer starting a project from scratch should be comfortable with multiple programming languages like Java, Python, PHP, or Ruby. They should know front-end technologies like HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript, and frameworks like React or Angular. Back-end skills with Spring, Django, or PHP are vital. Familiarity with databases like MySQL, Oracle, and MongoDB is necessary. Design principles, server administration, and basic Linux knowledge can also be helpful.

9. Explain dependency injection

Dependency injection is a design pattern used in software development where the dependencies of a class (external objects it relies on) are provided to it rather than being created within the class itself. This helps decouple components, making code more modular and testable. It enhances flexibility, as different implementations of dependencies can be injected without changing the core code.

10. What do you mean by the observer pattern?

The observer pattern is a behavioral design pattern where an object, known as the subject, maintains a list of its dependents, called observers. When the subject undergoes a change in state, it notifies its observers, ensuring that they are automatically updated. This pattern is commonly used in event handling and UI design, enabling components to react to changes in a subject’s state.

11. Can you tell me what are the latest trends in Full Stack Development? Also, how do you keep yourself updated about the new trends in the industry

Staying updated in Full Stack Development involves keeping an eye on trends like the rise of JavaScript frameworks (React, Vue.js), serverless architecture, microservices, and containerization (Docker). To stay informed, I regularly read tech blogs, follow industry news, participate in online forums, attend webinars, and take online courses to continuously enhance my skills.

12. What is CI (Continuous Integration)?

Continuous Integration (CI) is a software development practice. In CI, code changes are being combined with the main codebase. This helps prevent errors and maintain code quality. It streamlines development by building and testing new code additions.

13. What are some of the uses of Docker?

Docker is widely used in software development for containerization. It allows developers to package applications and their dependencies into containers, ensuring consistency across different environments. Docker is used for application deployment, microservices architecture, creating development and testing environments, and simplifying the management of complex applications.

14. State the difference between GraphQL and REST (Representational State Transfer)?

GraphQL and REST are both approaches to API design. GraphQL provides a more flexible way to request and retrieve data, allowing clients to specify their data requirements. In contrast, REST uses fixed endpoints for data retrieval, leading to over-fetching or under-fetching of data. GraphQL is better suited for modern, dynamic applications, while REST is more traditional and rigid in its structure.

15. Is there a way to decrease the load time of a web application?

Yes, several methods can reduce the load time of a web application, such as optimizing images, using external CSS and JavaScript files, reducing redirects, enabling browser caching, minifying code, and employing content delivery networks (CDNs). These techniques improve performance and enhance user experience.

16. What is Spring Framework, and how does it work?

The Spring Framework is a Java-based framework used for building enterprise-level applications. It simplifies development by providing dependency injection, aspect-oriented programming, and data access. Spring promotes modularity, testability, and scalability. Which makes it a preferred choice for creating robust and maintainable software.

17. What is REST API, and how does it work?

A REST API, stands for Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface. It is a design style for building networked applications. It relies on HTTP requests to perform basic operations like creating, reading, updating, and deleting resources identified by URLs. REST APIs are stateless, which means every client request must contain all the necessary information. They’re used for web-based applications and services.

18. What is the difference between a servlet and JSP?

A servlet is a Java class that handles requests and generates responses on the server-side. It is primarily responsible for processing logic and business operations. In contrast, JSP (JavaServer Pages) is a technology for creating dynamic web pages. JSP combines HTML or XML with Java code to generate dynamic content for web applications. Servlets are more suitable for complex processing, while JSP simplifies the presentation layer.

19. Explain the difference between JDBC and Hibernate?

JDBC, or Java Database Connectivity, is a Java API used for connecting and interacting with relational databases. It involves manual SQL query writing and database interaction. On the other hand, Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework that automates database interactions by mapping Java objects to database tables. Hibernate eliminates the need for manual SQL coding, simplifying database operations.

20. How do you handle exceptions in Java?

In Java, exceptions are handled using try-catch blocks. Code that might throw exceptions is placed within a try block, and specific exceptions are caught and handled in catch blocks. Developers can specify different catch blocks for different exception types, allowing for precise error handling. Additionally, the “finally” block can be used to execute code that should run regardless of whether an exception occurred or not. Exception handling ensures graceful error recovery and better program stability.

[herovired12]

Pattern programs in Java are exercises where developers create geometric patterns using loops and conditional statements. These programs help enhance coding skills by fostering logical thinking and problem-solving abilities. They can range from simple shapes to complex designs, making them a popular practice for beginners and experienced programmers alike. Check here to learn more

[nehaprem]

"Unlocking the Mystery: Exploring the World of Java Programming"

Java programming is a versatile and widely-used computer programming language known for its platform independence. It was originally developed by Sun Microsystems and is now owned by Oracle Corporation. Java is used in a wide range of applications, from web development to mobile app development, and it's especially popular for its ability to run on different operating systems and hardware platforms through the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Additionally, we'll discuss how ACTE Technologies can expedite your job search through its job placement services.

To learn Java programming, you can follow these steps:

1.Set Up Your Development Environment:

Install the Java Development Kit (JDK), which includes the tools needed to write and run Java programs. You can download it from the official Oracle website or use an open-source JDK like OpenJDK.

Choose an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, or NetBeans. These tools provide a user-friendly environment for writing, debugging, and testing Java code.

2.Learn the Basics:

Start with the fundamental concepts of Java, including variables, data types, operators, and control structures like if statements and loops.

Familiarize yourself with object-oriented programming (OOP) principles, such as classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.

3.Practice Coding:

The best way to learn any programming language is through practice. Write small Java programs to reinforce your understanding of the basics.

Consider working on coding exercises and challenges on platforms like LeetCode, HackerRank, or Codecademy to improve your problem-solving skills.

4.Explore Java Libraries and Frameworks:

Java has a rich ecosystem of libraries and frameworks. Depending on your interests, you can delve into web development using Spring, Android app development with Android Studio, or game development with libraries like LibGDX.

5.Understand Exception Handling:

Learn how to handle exceptions and errors in Java using try-catch blocks and exception classes.

6.Study Advanced Topics:

Progress to more advanced topics like multithreading, file input/output (I/O), Java Collections Framework for data manipulation, and database connectivity with JDBC.

Explore design patterns to write cleaner and more maintainable code.

7.Work on Real Projects:

Apply your knowledge by working on real-world projects. These can be personal projects, open-source contributions, or collaborations with others in the field.

8.Read Books and Documentation:

Consider reading Java programming books like "Effective Java" by Joshua Bloch and refer to the official Java documentation for in-depth information.

9.Online Courses and Tutorials:

Enroll in online Java courses offered on platforms like Coursera, Udemy, edX, or Khan Academy to access structured learning materials and assignments.

10.Join Online Communities:

Engage with the Java developer community through forums, blogs, and social media. Websites like Stack Overflow are excellent for asking questions and seeking guidance.

11.Stay Updated:

Java is an evolving language with new features and updates. Stay current by following Java news and updates from Oracle and the community.

12.Practice, Practice, Practice:

Continuously practice and challenge yourself with new coding exercises and projects to solidify your Java skills.

By following these steps and staying committed to learning and practicing, you can become proficient in Java programming.

If you want to learn more about Java, I highly recommend that you contact ACTE technologies because they offer certifications and job placement opportunities. Experienced teachers can help you learn better. You can find these services both online and offline. Take things step by step and consider enrolling in a course if you’re interested.

ACTE Technologies supports your learning journey in Java with:

Comprehensive Training: ACTE Java program covers all essential topics, offering hands-on exercises, assignments, and real-world projects for practical expertise.

Experienced Instructors: Learn from certified Java experts with extensive industry experience, providing valuable insights.

Job Placement Assistance: Benefit from our job placement services, where we connect you with potential employers in the Java field.

Flexible Learning: Choose between online and offline Java courses to match your schedule.

With ACTE Technologies, your path from a Java beginner to a professional involves continuous learning and practical application. Master Java for a wide range of career opportunities, whether you aspire to be a Java developer, software engineer, or application architect. Start your Java journey with us for a rewarding career.

[this-week-in-rust]

This Week in Rust 478

Hello and welcome to another issue of This Week in Rust! Rust is a programming language empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software. This is a weekly summary of its progress and community. Want something mentioned? Tag us at @ThisWeekInRust on Twitter or @ThisWeekinRust on mastodon.social, or send us a pull request. Want to get involved? We love contributions.

This Week in Rust is openly developed on GitHub. If you find any errors in this week's issue, please submit a PR.

Updates from Rust Community

Project/Tooling Updates

IntelliJ Rust Changelog #186

rust-analyzer changelog #164

This Week in Fyrox

clap v4.1

Fornjot (code-first CAD in Rust) - Weekly Release

Release of sphrs 0.2.0, a spherical harmonics library

Observations/Thoughts

Rails developers write some Rust: a review of Axum 0.6

Rust should own its debugger experience

The Hidden Control Flow — Some Insights on an Async Cancellation Problem in Rust

Fallible - The Lost Sibling of Result and Option

Folding arguments into the macro

Zero To Production book review

We Need Type Information, Not Stable ABI

Comparison of web frameworks written in Java, nodejs and Rust

This year I tried solving AoC using Rust, here are my impressions coming from Python!

Rust Walkthroughs

Create a Rust worker | Wasm Workers Server

Displaying Images on ESP32 with Rust!

Rust FFI and bindgen: Integrating Embedded C Code in Rust

Finding Nice MD5s Using Rust

2D game base with Bevy and LDtk (linked wasm)

Song search in Rust using OpenAI

Build a ray tracer, pt. 1 - 2D Image

Miscellaneous

Building an out-of-tree Rust Kernel Module Part Two

Using Rust to write a Data Pipeline. Thoughts. Musings.

[video] C++ vs Rust: which is faster?

[video] Everything You Wanted to Know About Rust Unit Testing (and then some more)

[video] Introduction to rust operators for Kubernetes

[DE] Rust-Framework: Turmoil testet verteilte Systeme

[DE] Rust: bis zu 2500 Projekte durch Bibliothek Hyper für DoS verwundbar

[DE] Ferris Talk #13: Rust-Web-APIs und Mocking mit Axum

[DE] Open-Source-Browser: Google öffnet Chromium für Rust

Crate of the Week

This week's crate is syntactic-for, a syntactic "for" loop Rust macro.

Thanks to Tor Hovland for the suggestion!

Please submit your suggestions and votes for next week!

Call for Participation

Always wanted to contribute to open-source projects but did not know where to start? Every week we highlight some tasks from the Rust community for you to pick and get started!

Some of these tasks may also have mentors available, visit the task page for more information.

Ockam - GitHub CI: use global default shell in documentation.yml workflow

Ockam - Modify clap command ockam start to set the node attribute's default value using attributes

Ockam - Add optional --identity argument to clap command secure-channel-listener create and modify its API handler

If you are a Rust project owner and are looking for contributors, please submit tasks here.

Updates from the Rust Project

458 pull requests were merged in the last week

Initial #[do_not_recommend] implementation (RFC #2397)

LSDA Take ttype_index into account when taking unwind action

add checks for the signature of the start lang item

add log-backtrace option to show backtraces along with logging

add note when FnPtr vs. FnDef impl trait

adding a hint on iterator type errors

allow codegen to unsize dyn* to dyn

change flags with a fixed default value from Option<bool> to bool

check impl's where clauses in consider_impl_candidate in experimental solver

collect and emit proper backtraces for delay_span_bugs

consider return type when giving various method suggestions

const closures

deprioritize fulfillment errors that come from expansions

detect out of bounds range pattern value

detect struct literal needing parentheses

disable "split dwarf inlining" by default

emit a hint for bad call return types due to generic arguments

emit a single error for contiguous sequences of unknown tokens

emit only one nbsp error per file

enable atomic cas for bpf targets

exclude formatting commit from blame

feed a bunch of queries instead of tracking fields on TyCtxt

fix ICE formatting

fix aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu_ilp32 target

fix unused_braces on generic const expr macro call

fix bad import suggestion with nested use tree

fix help docs for -Zallow-features

fix invalid files array re-creation in rustdoc-gui tester

fix invalid syntax and incomplete suggestion in impl Trait parameter type suggestions for E0311

fix linker detection for linker (drivers) with a version postfix (e.g. clang-12 instead of clang)

fix misleading "add dyn keyword before derive macro" suggestion

improve fluent error messages

label struct/enum constructor instead of fn item, mention that it should be called on type mismatch

mark ZST as FFI-safe if all its fields are PhantomData

move autoderef to rustc_hir_analysis

new trait solver: rebase impl substs for gats correctly

cargo: nightly Fix CVE-2022-46176: Missing SSH host key validation

note predicate span on ImplDerivedObligation

only suggest adding type param if path being resolved was a type

prefer non-[type error] candidates during selection

provide help on closures capturing self causing borrow checker errors

recover from where clauses placed before tuple struct bodies

remove unnecessary lseek syscall when using std::fs::read

render missing generics suggestion verbosely

report fulfillment errors in new trait solver

specialize impl of ToString on bool

stabilize ::{core,std}::pin::pin!

stabilize abi_efiapi feature

stabilize f16c_target_feature

stop probing for statx unless necessary

suggest is_empty for collections when casting to bool

suggest making private tuple struct field public

suggestion for type mismatch when we need a u8 but the programmer wrote a char literal

tweak E0277 &-removal suggestions

tweak E0599 and elaborate_predicates

support eager subdiagnostics again

libcore: make result of iter::from_generator Clone

add AtomicPtr::as_mut_ptr

leak amplification for peek_mut() to ensure BinaryHeap's invariant is always met

fix mpsc::SyncSender spinning behavior

futures: fix panic when Unfold sink return an error

futures: fix FuturesOrdered

cargo: cargo metadata supports artifact dependencies

cargo: support codegen-backend and rustflags in profiles in config file

clippy: cast_possible_truncation Suggest TryFrom when truncation possible

clippy: expl_impl_clone_on_copy: ignore packed structs with type/const params

clippy: needless_return: remove all semicolons on suggestion

clippy: unused_self: don't trigger if the method body contains todo!()

clippy: allow implementing Hash with derived PartialEq (derive_hash_xor_eq)

clippy: move unchecked_duration_subtraction to pedantic

rust-analyzer: add basic tooltips to adjustment hints

rust-analyzer: assist: desugar doc-comment

rust-analyzer: comment out disabled code

rust-analyzer: derive 'Hash'

rust-analyzer: make unlinked_file diagnostic quickfixes work for inline modules

rust-analyzer: fix panicking Option unwraping in match arm analysis

rust-analyzer: fix ty should query impls in nearest block

rust-analyzer: check orpat in missing match

rust-analyzer: don't generate PartialEq/PartialOrd methods body when types don't match

rust-analyzer: make inlay hint location links work for more types

rust-analyzer: interior-mutable types should be static rather than const

rust-analyzer: remove hover inlay tooltips, replace them with location links

rust-analyzer: remove recursive Display implementations

rust-analyzer: split out hir-def attribute handling parts into hir-expand

rust-analyzer: unconditionally enable location links in inlay hints again

Rust Compiler Performance Triage

Nearly all flagged regressions are likely noise, except one rollup with minor impact on diesel that we will follow up on. We had a broad (albeit small) win from #106294.

Triage done by @pnkfelix. Revision range: 0442fbab..1f72129f

Summary:

(instructions:u) mean range count Regressions ❌ (primary) 0.4% [0.2%, 1.7%] 39 Regressions ❌ (secondary) 0.5% [0.2%, 1.8%] 23 Improvements ✅ (primary) -0.4% [-0.6%, -0.2%] 7 Improvements ✅ (secondary) -0.4% [-0.6%, -0.2%] 6 All ❌✅ (primary) 0.3% [-0.6%, 1.7%] 46

4 Regressions, 3 Improvements, 3 Mixed; 4 of them in rollups 50 artifact comparisons made in total

Full report here

Approved RFCs

Changes to Rust follow the Rust RFC (request for comments) process. These are the RFCs that were approved for implementation this week:

No RFCs were approved this week.

Final Comment Period

Every week, the team announces the 'final comment period' for RFCs and key PRs which are reaching a decision. Express your opinions now.

RFCs

No RFCs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Tracking Issues & PRs

[disposition: close] use implied bounds from impl header when comparing trait and impl methods

[disposition: merge] rustdoc: change trait bound formatting"

[disposition: merge] Make ExitStatus implement Default

[disposition: merge] Allow fmt::Arguments::as_str() to return more Some(_).

New and Updated RFCs

[new] RFC: CARGO_TARGET_DIRECTORIES, parent of all target directories

[new] RFC: (Re)standardise error code documentation

Call for Testing

An important step for RFC implementation is for people to experiment with the implementation and give feedback, especially before stabilization. The following RFCs would benefit from user testing before moving forward:

No RFCs issued a call for testing this week.

If you are a feature implementer and would like your RFC to appear on the above list, add the new call-for-testing label to your RFC along with a comment providing testing instructions and/or guidance on which aspect(s) of the feature need testing.

Upcoming Events

Rusty Events between 2023-01-18 - 2023-02-15 🦀

Virtual

2023-01-18 | Virtual (San Francisco, CA, US; São Paulo, BR; New York, NY US) | Microsoft Reactor San Francisco and Microsoft Reactor São Paulo and Microsoft Reactor New York

Primeros pasos con Rust: QA y horas de comunidad | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror | Sao Paulo Mirror

2023-01-18 | Virtual (Vancouver, BC, CA) | Vancouver Rust

Rust Study/Hack/Hang-out

2023-01-19 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; San Francisco, CA, US; New York, NY, US; Stockholm, SE) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco and Microsoft Reactor Stockholm

Crack code interview problems in Rust - Ep. 2 | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror | Stockholm Mirror

2023-01-19 | Virtual (Stuttgart, DE) | Rust Community Stuttgart

Rust-Meetup

2023-01-23 | Virtual (Durham, NC, US) | Triangle Rust

Online Code and Chat

2023-01-23 | Virtual (Linz, AT) | Rust Linz

Rust Meetup Linz - 29th Edition

2023-01-23 | Virtual (New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Condiciones con expresiones if/else en Rust | San Francisco Mirror

2023-01-24 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Uso de bucles para iterar por datos en Rust | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-01-25 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond | Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust: QA y horas de comunidad | San Francisco Mirror

2023-01-26 | Virtual (Charlottesville, VA, US) | Charlottesville Rust Meetup

Rust Lightning Talks!

2023-01-26 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; San Francisco, CA, US; New York, NY, US; Stockholm, SE) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco and Microsoft Reactor Stockholm

Crack code interview problems in Rust - Ep. 3 | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror | Stockholm Mirror

2023-01-30 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Control de errores en Rust | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-01-31 | Virtual (Berlin, DE) | OpenTechSchool Berlin

Rust Hack and Learn

2023-01-31 | Virtual (Dallas, TX, US) | Dallas Rust

Last Tuesday

2023-01-31 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Compresión de cómo Rust administra la memoria | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-01 | Virtual (Indianapolis, IN, US) | Indy Rust

Indy.rs - with Social Distancing

2023-02-01 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust: QA y horas de comunidad | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-01 | Virtual (Stuttgart, DE) | Rust Community Stuttgart

Rust-Meetup

2023-02-06 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Implementación de tipos y rasgos genéricos | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-07 | Virtual (Beijing, CN) | WebAssembly and Rust Meetup (Rustlang)

Monthly WasmEdge Community Meeting, a CNCF sandbox WebAssembly runtime

2023-02-07 | Virtual (Buffalo, NY, US) | Buffalo Rust Meetup

Buffalo Rust User Group, First Tuesdays

2023-02-07 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Reactor New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Módulos, paquetes y contenedores de terceros | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-08 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Rector New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust: QA y horas de comunidad | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-13 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Rector New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Escritura de pruebas automatizadas | New York Mirror | San Francisco Mirror

2023-02-14 | Virtual (Berlin, DE) | OpenTechSchool Berlin

Rust Hack and Learn

2023-02-14 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Rector New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust - Creamos un programa de ToDos en la línea de comandos | San Francisco Mirror | New York Mirror

2023-02-14 | Virtual (Saarbrücken, DE) | Rust-Saar

Meetup: 26u16

2023-02-15 | Virtual (Redmond, WA, US; New York, NY, US; San Francisco, CA, US) | Microsoft Reactor Redmond and Microsoft Rector New York and Microsoft Reactor San Francisco

Primeros pasos con Rust: QA y horas de comunidad | San Francisco Mirror | New York Mirror

2023-02-15 | Virtual (Vancouver, BC, CA) | Vancouver Rust

Rust Study/Hack/Hang-out

Asia

2023-01-15 | Tokyo, JP | Tokyo Rust Meetup

Property-Based Testing in Rust

2023-02-01 | Kyoto, JP | Kansai Rust

Rust talk: How to implement Iterator on tuples... kind of

Europe

2023-01-20 | Stuttgart, DE | Rust Community Stuttgart

OnSite Meeting

2023-01-25 | Paris, FR | Rust Paris

Rust Paris meetup #55

2023-01-26 | Copenhagen, DK | Copenhagen Rust Meetup Group

Rust Hack Night #32

2023-02-02 | Hamburg, DE | Rust Meetup Hamburg

Rust Hack & Learn February 2023

2023-02-02 | Lyon, FR | Rust Lyon

Rust Lyon meetup #01

North America

2023-01-20 | New York, NY, US | Blockchain Center

Rust Tuesdays: Near Workspaces

2023-01-26 | Lehi, UT, US | Utah Rust

Building a Rust Playground with WASM and Lane and Food!

If you are running a Rust event please add it to the calendar to get it mentioned here. Please remember to add a link to the event too. Email the Rust Community Team for access.

Jobs

Please see the latest Who's Hiring thread on r/rust

Quote of the Week

Common arguments against Rust's safety guarantees:

The library you're binding to can have a segfault in it.

RAM can physically fail, causing dangling pointers.

The computer the Rust program is running on can be hit by a meteorite.

Alan Turing can come back from the dead and tell everyone that he actually made up computer science and none of it is real, thus invalidating every program ever made, including all Rust programs.

– Ironmask on the phoronix forums

Thanks to Stephan Sokolow for the suggestion!

Please submit quotes and vote for next week!

This Week in Rust is edited by: nellshamrell, llogiq, cdmistman, ericseppanen, extrawurst, andrewpollack, U007D, kolharsam, joelmarcey, mariannegoldin, bennyvasquez.

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